The process begins with the binding of ligands to their respective receptors on the cell surface. These receptors are often localized within the caveolae. Upon ligand binding, caveolae undergo conformational changes facilitated by caveolin proteins, leading to the formation of vesicles. These vesicles then pinch off from the plasma membrane and are transported into the cell, often to endosomes or other intracellular compartments. This process is regulated by various proteins including dynamin which aids in vesicle scission.
