Phagocytic receptors function by recognizing specific molecular patterns on the surface of targets. Upon binding, they trigger a series of intracellular signaling pathways that lead to the engulfment and internalization of the target particle. This process involves the rearrangement of the actin cytoskeleton, formation of the phagosome, and subsequent fusion with lysosomes to form the phagolysosome where the ingested material is degraded.