Diagnostic markers are detected using various techniques, including:
Immunohistochemistry (IHC): This technique uses antibodies to detect specific antigens in tissue sections. It is widely used for identifying cellular proteins and understanding tissue architecture. Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH): FISH is used to detect and localize specific DNA sequences on chromosomes. It is particularly useful for identifying genetic abnormalities. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR): PCR amplifies specific DNA sequences and is used for detecting genetic mutations and other molecular markers. Western Blotting: This technique is used to detect specific proteins in a tissue sample. It involves separating proteins by gel electrophoresis and then probing with antibodies.
