There are several methods to create 3D cultures, including:
Scaffold-based techniques: These use natural or synthetic materials to provide a structure for cells to grow on. Examples include collagen, fibrin, and synthetic polymers. Hydrogels: These water-absorbing polymer networks offer a supportive environment for cells and can be modified to include growth factors and other bioactive molecules. Spheroid culture: Cells are allowed to aggregate naturally into spherical clusters, which can mimic the 3D structure of tissues. Organoids: These are miniaturized and simplified versions of organs produced in vitro from stem cells, and they can recapitulate some functions of real organs.
