Decidua parietalis - Histology

What is Decidua Parietalis?

The decidua parietalis is one of the three regions of the decidua, which is the modified mucosal lining of the uterus during a pregnancy. The other two regions are the decidua basalis and the decidua capsularis. The decidua parietalis lines the non-placental parts of the uterine cavity.

Formation and Structure

During pregnancy, the endometrial lining, under the influence of progesterone, undergoes significant changes. The endometrial stroma cells transform into larger, polygonal cells rich in glycogen and lipids, known as decidual cells. This process is called decidualization. The decidua parietalis, specifically, lines the uterine cavity except for the area occupied by the placenta.

Function

The primary function of the decidua parietalis is to provide nutritional support and protection for the developing fetus. It also plays a role in immunoregulation, helping to prevent the maternal immune system from rejecting the semi-allogenic fetus. The decidua secretes various cytokines and growth factors that are crucial for fetal development and maintaining pregnancy.

Histological Features

Under the microscope, the decidua parietalis can be identified by its large, polygonal decidual cells, which are rich in glycogen and lipids. These cells are interspersed with blood vessels and immune cells, such as macrophages and uterine natural killer cells. The extracellular matrix is often more abundant compared to the non-pregnant endometrium, providing structural support.

Clinical Relevance

Abnormalities in the decidua parietalis can be associated with several pregnancy complications. For instance, inadequate decidualization can lead to conditions like pre-eclampsia and placental abruption. Histopathological examination of the decidua can provide insights into these conditions and help in diagnosis and management.

Research and Future Directions

Current research is focused on understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying decidualization and its role in pregnancy. Studies are also investigating the potential of the decidua as a source of stem cells for regenerative medicine. Advances in this field could lead to novel therapeutic strategies for treating pregnancy-related disorders.

Relevant Publications

Immune cells at the feto-maternal interface: Comprehensive characterization and insights into term labor.

Issue Release: 2024

Isolation and Immunophenotyping of Leukocytes from the Human Maternal-Fetal Interface.

Issue Release: 2024

Visual identification of three kinds of human decidual tissues from elective termination of pregnancy.

Issue Release: 2024

Decidual Cells Block Inflammation-Mediated Inhibition of 15-Hydroxyprostaglandin Dehydrogenase in Trophoblasts.

Issue Release: 2024

Generation of extracellular fluids from first-trimester decidual tissues and their validation by detecting tissue-specific secreted proteins.

Issue Release: 2023

Purification of primary human placental leukocytes to study maternal-fetal interactions.

Issue Release: 2023

The human placenta shapes the phenotype of decidual macrophages.

Issue Release: 2023

Immunohistochemical study of MMP-2, MMP-9, EGFR and IL-8 in decidual and trophoblastic specimens of recurrent pregnancy loss cases.

Issue Release: 2023

Differences in Immune phenotype in decidual tissue from multigravid women compared to primigravid women.

Issue Release: 2022

Immunohistochemical Evaluation of CD3, CD4, CD8, and CD20 in Decidual and Trophoblastic Tissue Specimens of Patients with Recurrent Pregnancy Loss.

Issue Release: 2022

Cesarean section per se is not a risk factor for non-anatomical placenta creta.

Issue Release: 2022

Generation and characterization of human Fetal membrane and Decidual cell lines for reproductive biology experiments†.

Issue Release: 2022

Dynamics of neuropilin1 (Nrp1)-positive thymus-derived and Nrp1-negative peripherally induced paternal antigen specific regulatory T cells in the uterus and spleen during pregnancy in mice.

Issue Release: 2022

Immune Deviation in the Decidua During Term and Preterm Labor.

Issue Release: 2022

Heat-Induced Proteotoxic Stress Response in Placenta-Derived Stem Cells (PDSCs) Is Mediated through HSPA1A and HSPA1B with a Potential Higher Role for HSPA1B.

Issue Release: 2022

Uncomplicated oocyte donation pregnancies display an elevated CD163-positive type 2 macrophage load in the decidua, which is associated with fetal-maternal HLA mismatches.

Issue Release: 2021

Is there an inflammatory stimulus to human term labour?

Issue Release: 2021

Multiomic analysis reveals decidual-specific transcriptional programing of MAIT cells.

Issue Release: 2021

Decidua Parietalis Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells and Their Secretome Diminish the Oncogenic Properties of MDA231 Cells In Vitro.

Issue Release: 2021

Isolation of Immune Cells from Placental Tissues and Phenotypic and Functional Analysis of MAIT Cells.

Issue Release: 2020

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