Several tissues and cells are involved in mastication, including:
Oral Mucosa: The lining of the mouth that protects underlying tissues and provides a barrier to pathogens. Teeth: Composed of enamel, dentin, and pulp, teeth are the primary structures involved in breaking down food. Salivary Glands: These glands produce saliva, which contains enzymes like amylase that begin the digestive process. Muscles of Mastication: These include the masseter, temporalis, and pterygoid muscles, which facilitate the movement of the jaw. Periodontal Ligament: Connective tissue that secures the teeth in the alveolar bone and absorbs the stress of chewing.
