The cornea is the transparent, avascular front part of the eye that plays a crucial role in focusing light onto the retina. Histologically, the cornea consists of five layers:
Epithelium: The outermost layer, providing a barrier against pathogens. Bowman's Layer: A tough layer that provides structural support. Stroma: Comprising 90% of the corneal thickness and made up of collagen fibers. Descemet's Membrane: A thin but strong layer of collagen and elastin. Endothelium: The innermost layer, responsible for maintaining corneal hydration.
Corneal diseases, such as keratitis and Fuchs' dystrophy, can be diagnosed by examining these layers histologically.
