1. Cytoskeletal Reorganization: The cytoskeleton, composed of actin filaments and microtubules, plays a pivotal role in cell elongation. Actin filaments undergo polymerization and depolymerization, allowing the cell to extend in a specific direction. 2. Extracellular Matrix (ECM): The ECM provides structural support and signaling cues that guide cell elongation. Changes in ECM composition can influence the direction and extent of elongation. 3. Gene Expression: Specific genes regulate the proteins involved in cell elongation. These genes are often activated in response to growth factors and other stimuli.
