What Mechanisms do Pathogens Use to Survive Intracellularly?
Once inside the host cell, pathogens use several mechanisms to survive and replicate:
Avoiding Phagolysosomal Fusion: Some pathogens, like Mycobacterium tuberculosis, inhibit the fusion of the phagosome with the lysosome, preventing exposure to degradative enzymes. Subverting Host Cell Pathways: Pathogens can manipulate host cell signaling pathways to create a favorable environment for their survival. Molecular Mimicry: Some pathogens produce molecules that mimic host cell components, helping them evade immune detection. Creating Intracellular Niches: Pathogens like Chlamydia form specialized vacuoles called inclusions, where they can replicate safely.
