Lipid rafts serve multiple functions in cellular processes:
1. Signal Transduction: They provide a platform for the assembly of signaling complexes, allowing for efficient signal relay. For instance, the T-cell receptor signaling in immune cells relies on lipid rafts for the clustering of receptors and signaling molecules.
2. Membrane Trafficking: Lipid rafts are involved in the sorting and transport of membrane proteins and lipids. They play a role in endocytosis and exocytosis, influencing how substances enter and exit the cell.
3. Pathogen Entry: Some pathogens exploit lipid rafts to enter host cells. For example, certain viruses and bacteria target these microdomains to facilitate their entry and infection.
