Several factors can influence the quality of protein extracts:
1. Sample Collection: The method and timing of sample collection can significantly impact protein integrity. It is essential to collect samples quickly and store them appropriately to prevent protein degradation.
2. Lysis Buffer Composition: The choice of lysis buffer and its components (detergents, salts, protease inhibitors) are critical for effective cell lysis and protein solubilization.
3. Temperature: Maintaining low temperatures during the extraction process can help preserve protein integrity by preventing enzymatic degradation.
4. Mechanical Disruption: Methods such as sonication, homogenization, or bead beating can affect protein yield and quality. Over-disruption can lead to protein denaturation.
5. Protease Inhibition: Adding protease inhibitors to lysis buffers can protect proteins from degradation by endogenous proteases.
