What Challenges Exist in Using Histology for Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy?

One challenge is the heterogeneity of tumors, which can lead to variable expression of checkpoint proteins within different areas of the same tumor. Additionally, the dynamic nature of the immune response and the influence of the tumor microenvironment can complicate the interpretation of histological findings. Standardizing the methods for assessing these markers and developing robust predictive models are ongoing areas of research.