Several challenges exist in biomarker discovery, including:
Heterogeneity: Tumors and other tissues can be highly heterogeneous, making it difficult to identify consistent biomarkers. Sensitivity and Specificity: Biomarkers need to be both sensitive and specific to be clinically useful. Validation: Identified biomarkers must be validated in large, independent cohorts to ensure their reliability. Technological limitations: The resolution and sensitivity of current imaging and detection techniques can limit biomarker discovery.
