The general steps involved in DNA extraction from histological samples are:
Sample Preparation: The tissue sample is prepared by cutting it into smaller pieces to increase the surface area for better lysis. Lysis: The cell membranes are broken down using a lysis buffer containing detergents and enzymes like Proteinase K to release DNA into the solution. Purification: The released DNA is purified from proteins, lipids, and other cellular debris using methods like phenol-chloroform extraction or silica-based column purification. Precipitation: DNA is precipitated out of the solution using alcohol (ethanol or isopropanol) and then washed to remove any remaining impurities. Resuspension: The purified DNA is resuspended in a suitable buffer (often TE buffer) for storage and downstream applications.
