Several methods are employed to analyze stool samples, including:
Microscopic Examination: Identifies parasites, ova, and cellular elements. Culture Techniques: Detects pathogenic bacteria and fungi. Chemical Tests: Measures pH, reducing substances, and presence of occult blood. Molecular Techniques: Includes PCR for detecting specific DNA or RNA sequences of pathogens. Staining Methods: Utilizes stains like Gram stain, acid-fast stain, and trichrome stain to highlight specific components.