While γ H2AX foci are a powerful tool for detecting DNA damage, there are limitations. The formation of γ H2AX foci is not exclusively linked to double-strand breaks; other types of DNA lesions can also trigger H2AX phosphorylation. Additionally, the resolution of γ H2AX foci does not always correlate with complete DNA repair, as some damage may persist or be incorrectly repaired. Therefore, γ H2AX foci should be used in conjunction with other biomarkers and assays to provide a comprehensive understanding of DNA damage and repair.
