Several key proteins and complexes are involved in the transport of RNA:
- Nuclear Pore Complex (NPC): The NPC is a large protein complex that spans the nuclear envelope and acts as a gateway for the transport of molecules between the nucleus and cytoplasm. It allows the passage of RNA molecules and ensures that they are properly exported.
- Exportins: Exportins are proteins that bind to RNA molecules and facilitate their transport through the NPC. They recognize specific export signals on the RNA and guide the RNA-protein complex through the pore.
- Ran GTPase: Ran GTPase is a small GTP-binding protein that regulates the directionality of RNA transport. It ensures that RNA is exported from the nucleus to the cytoplasm and prevents its re-import.
