The primary dental tissues include enamel, dentin, cementum, and the pulp. Enamel is the hard, outermost layer of the tooth, primarily composed of hydroxyapatite crystals. Dentin lies beneath the enamel and is a more resilient tissue composed of microscopic tubules. Cementum covers the root of the tooth and helps anchor it into the alveolar bone. The pulp contains nerves and blood vessels that provide nutrients and sensory function to the tooth.
