User Identity Management: Ensuring that user identities are verified and managed throughout their lifecycle. Access Control: Defining and enforcing policies that determine who can access what resources. Role-Based Access Control (RBAC): Assigning access permissions based on user roles within the organization. Single Sign-On (SSO): Allowing users to log in once and access multiple systems without re-entering credentials. Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA): Adding an extra layer of security by requiring multiple forms of verification.