What are the Histological Changes Observed in Toxic Insults?
Histologically, toxic insults may present with various changes:
- Cellular Swelling: Often an early sign of injury, where cells appear enlarged due to the influx of water. - Nuclear Changes: Includes pyknosis (condensation of chromatin), karyorrhexis (fragmentation of the nucleus), and karyolysis (dissolution of the nucleus). - Cytoplasmic Changes: Loss of basophilia, vacuolization, and presence of inclusion bodies. - Necrosis: Coagulative necrosis is commonly seen with toxic insults, where cell outlines are preserved but cellular detail is lost.
