DNA lesions can have several consequences depending on their type and location:
1. Mutagenesis: Unrepaired DNA lesions can result in mutations during replication, potentially leading to cancer and other genetic disorders.
2. Apoptosis: Severe DNA damage can trigger programmed cell death, which is a protective mechanism to prevent the proliferation of damaged cells.
3. Senescence: Persistent DNA damage can lead to cellular senescence, a state of permanent cell cycle arrest that contributes to aging and tissue dysfunction.
