What are the Clinical Relevance and Pathologies Associated with the Internal Pyramidal Layer?

The internal pyramidal layer is critically involved in motor function, and damage to this layer can result in significant clinical consequences. For example, in neurodegenerative diseases like amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), the degeneration of Betz cells in the motor cortex leads to severe motor deficits. Similarly, lesions or strokes affecting this layer can result in paralysis or motor impairments.