What Are Some Common Techniques for Studying Genetic Variations in Histology?

Several techniques are employed to study genetic variations in histological samples:

Immunohistochemistry (IHC): This technique uses antibodies to detect specific proteins in tissue sections, allowing researchers to observe the effects of genetic variations on protein expression and localization.
In Situ Hybridization (ISH): ISH allows for the detection of specific nucleic acid sequences within tissue sections, providing insights into gene expression patterns influenced by genetic variations.
Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH): FISH uses fluorescent probes to detect and localize specific DNA sequences on chromosomes, making it useful for identifying chromosomal abnormalities that result from genetic variations.
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR): PCR amplifies specific DNA sequences, enabling the detection of genetic variations at the molecular level.