What Are Some Common Histological Techniques Used?
Several histological techniques are employed to diagnose genetic disorders:
- Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) Staining: This is a basic staining technique used to differentiate cellular components. It is commonly used to observe general tissue architecture and identify abnormalities. - Immunohistochemistry (IHC): This technique uses antibodies to detect specific proteins. For example, IHC can be used to identify the presence or absence of dystrophin in muscle biopsy samples from patients suspected of having Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. - Electron Microscopy: This technique provides detailed images of cellular ultrastructure. It is particularly useful in diagnosing conditions like Alport Syndrome, where abnormalities in the glomerular basement membrane of the kidney can be observed.
