Several staining techniques are employed in histology to highlight specific tissue features:
Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E): H&E staining is the most widely used technique. Hematoxylin stains cell nuclei blue, while eosin stains the cytoplasm and extracellular matrix pink. Periodic Acid-Schiff (PAS): PAS staining is used to detect polysaccharides, mucosubstances, and basement membranes, staining them magenta. Immunohistochemistry (IHC): IHC uses antibodies to detect specific proteins in tissues. It is valuable for identifying cell types and diagnosing diseases. Masson's Trichrome: This staining technique differentiates between muscle, collagen fibers, and cells. It is useful for studying connective tissue. Silver Staining: Silver stains are used to visualize reticular fibers, nerve cells, and other structures, appearing black or brown.
