The flocculation test involves mixing a sample, such as serum or other bodily fluids, with a reagent containing either antigens or antibodies. If the target antigen or antibody is present in the sample, it will bind to the reagent, forming flocculates. These flocculates can be observed visually or under a microscope. The degree of flocculation can be measured to determine the concentration of the antigen or antibody in the sample.