RNA Extraction: Total RNA is extracted from the tissue or cells of interest. Library Preparation: The extracted RNA is converted into complementary DNA (cDNA) libraries through reverse transcription and amplification. Sequencing: The cDNA libraries are sequenced using high-throughput sequencing technologies, generating millions of short reads. Data Analysis: The sequencing reads are aligned to a reference genome or transcriptome, and the expression levels of genes and transcripts are quantified.
