Glycogen synthesis (glycogenesis) and degradation (glycogenolysis) are tightly regulated processes. Glycogenesis involves the enzyme glycogen synthase, which adds glucose units to a growing glycogen molecule. Glycogenolysis, on the other hand, involves the enzyme glycogen phosphorylase, which breaks down glycogen into glucose-1-phosphate. These processes are regulated by hormones such as insulin and glucagon, which ensure that glycogen levels are maintained according to the body's energy needs.
