Gas flow, particularly oxygen and carbon dioxide, is primarily regulated through the respiratory and circulatory systems. In the alveoli of the lungs, gas exchange occurs through diffusion across the respiratory membrane. Hemoglobin in red blood cells binds oxygen and transports it through the bloodstream to various tissues, where it is released and carbon dioxide is picked up for exhalation. The regulation of this process is tightly controlled by respiratory centers and feedback mechanisms based on the body's metabolic needs.
