How is Extracellular Solute Concentration Regulated?
The body employs several mechanisms to regulate extracellular solute concentration:
1. Cell Membrane Transport: Various transport proteins, such as ion channels and pumps, help maintain solute gradients. 2. Hormonal Control: Hormones like aldosterone and antidiuretic hormone (ADH) play roles in regulating ion and water balance. 3. Kidney Function: The kidneys filter blood and regulate the concentration of solutes in the extracellular fluid by reabsorbing or excreting ions and water. 4. Buffer Systems: Bicarbonate and phosphate buffer systems help maintain pH balance, which indirectly affects solute concentrations.
