The preparation of an EDTA buffer involves dissolving the disodium salt of EDTA in distilled water and adjusting the pH to the desired level, usually around pH 7.4 to 8.0. The buffer can be prepared at different concentrations depending on the specific application. For decalcification, a common concentration is 0.5 M EDTA, while for antigen retrieval, a lower concentration such as 10 mM EDTA may be used.