The preparation of a blood smear involves several steps: 1. A drop of blood is placed near the end of a clean microscope slide. 2. A second slide is used to spread the blood drop across the surface, creating a thin film. 3. The slide is then air-dried. 4. Once dried, the smear is stained using Romanowsky-type stains, such as Wright or Giemsa stain, which differentiate the cellular components.