Chronic activation of UPR is implicated in various diseases. In neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, the sustained accumulation of misfolded proteins can lead to neuronal death. In diabetes, prolonged UPR activation in pancreatic beta cells can lead to cell dysfunction and apoptosis, contributing to insulin deficiency. Additionally, UPR is involved in cancer progression, where it can either promote cell survival or lead to apoptosis depending on the context.
