How Does a High Carbohydrate Diet Affect Tissue Structure?
Carbohydrates are a primary source of energy, and their metabolism involves several tissues, most notably the liver, muscle, and adipose tissue. The liver plays a crucial role in storing and releasing glucose as needed. A high intake of carbohydrates can lead to increased glycogen storage, where hepatocytes (liver cells) appear swollen with glycogen granules when observed under a microscope. Over time, excessive carbohydrate intake can lead to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), characterized by the accumulation of fat droplets within hepatocytes.
In muscle tissues, particularly skeletal muscle, increased carbohydrate consumption leads to enhanced glycogen storage. This is evident histologically as an increase in intracellular glycogen granules, which serve as a quick energy source during muscle contraction. However, excessive intake without adequate physical activity can lead to insulin resistance, affecting muscle tissue's ability to utilize glucose efficiently.
