How Do the Proximal and Distal Tubules Contribute?
The proximal and distal tubules play crucial roles in reabsorption and secretion:
- Proximal Tubule: The epithelial cells in the proximal tubule have microvilli, forming a brush border that increases surface area for reabsorption. Approximately 65% of the filtered water and ions, along with all the filtered glucose and amino acids, are reabsorbed here.
- Distal Tubule: The distal tubule participates in fine-tuning the reabsorption of water and ions. It is also involved in the secretion of hydrogen and potassium ions, contributing to acid-base balance.
