When light enters the eye, it passes through various layers of the retina before reaching the photoreceptors. In the outer segment of photoreceptors, light interacts with photopigments, leading to a series of biochemical reactions known as the phototransduction cascade. This cascade ultimately results in a change in the photoreceptor's membrane potential, generating an electrical signal. This signal is then transmitted through the retina's neural network, eventually reaching the brain via the optic nerve.
