The differentiation of osteoprogenitor cells into osteoblasts is a highly regulated process influenced by various factors. Key regulatory signals include [growth factors](#) such as bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β). Additionally, mechanical stress and [hormonal signals](#), such as parathyroid hormone (PTH) and vitamin D, also play significant roles in the differentiation process. Once committed to the osteoblast lineage, these cells produce bone matrix proteins like collagen and initiate [mineralization](#).
