DAT functions by coupling the reuptake of dopamine with the cotransport of sodium and chloride ions. This process is driven by the electrochemical gradient across the neuron's plasma membrane. When dopamine binds to DAT, a conformational change occurs, allowing sodium and chloride ions to enter the cell, followed by the inward movement of dopamine. This mechanism ensures the rapid clearance of dopamine from the synaptic cleft, terminating its action and recycling it for future use.
