The process of metastasis involves several key steps:
1. Detachment: Cancer cells lose their adhesion to neighboring cells. 2. Invasion: These cells invade the surrounding extracellular matrix using enzymes such as matrix metalloproteinases. 3. Intravasation: Cancer cells penetrate blood vessels or lymphatic vessels. 4. Circulation: The cells travel through the bloodstream or lymphatic system. 5. Extravasation: Cancer cells exit the vessels and invade new tissues. 6. Colonization: Finally, the cells proliferate and form secondary tumors in new locations.
