Formulating the Research Question: Defining a clear and focused research question is crucial. For example, "What is the effect of a specific staining technique on the detection of cancer cells in tissue samples?" Literature Search: Conducting a comprehensive search of relevant studies using databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Screening and Selection: Applying inclusion and exclusion criteria to select studies that are relevant to the research question. Data Extraction: Extracting data on study characteristics, methods, and findings. Statistical Analysis: Using statistical methods to combine the data, such as calculating pooled effect sizes, confidence intervals, and heterogeneity. Interpreting Results: Summarizing and interpreting the findings in the context of the existing literature and clinical practice.
