Mast cells can be activated by various stimuli, including allergens, pathogens, and physical injury. The most well-known mechanism of activation is through the binding of IgE antibodies to receptors on the mast cell surface, which occurs in allergic reactions. Upon activation, mast cells undergo degranulation, releasing their stored mediators into the surrounding tissue. The release of these substances can lead to increased vascular permeability, smooth muscle contraction, and recruitment of other immune cells.
