Markers are detected using various techniques, each tailored to the type of marker:
- Histochemical Staining: This method uses colorimetric reactions to visualize specific cellular components. - Immunohistochemistry (IHC): IHC uses antibodies conjugated with enzymes like horseradish peroxidase or with fluorescent dyes to bind specific antigens in the tissue. - Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH): FISH uses fluorescent probes that bind to specific DNA or RNA sequences, allowing for the visualization of genetic material within cells.
