CD207 gene - Histology

What is the CD207 Gene?

The CD207 gene, also known as Langerin, encodes a protein that is primarily expressed in Langerhans cells, which are specialized dendritic cells found in the skin and mucosa. This gene plays a crucial role in the immune system by helping Langerhans cells capture and process microbial antigens.

Structure and Function of CD207 Protein

The CD207 protein is a type II transmembrane protein that contains a carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) at its C-terminus. This CRD is essential for binding to mannose and other sugar residues on the surface of pathogens. CD207 is involved in the formation of Birbeck granules, which are unique organelles found in Langerhans cells.

Expression and Localization

CD207 is predominantly expressed in Langerhans cells, but it can also be found in some other dendritic cell subsets. The protein is localized primarily in the endosomal and lysosomal compartments, where it participates in antigen processing and presentation.

Role in Immune Response

The CD207 gene is significant for the immune response as it mediates the internalization of pathogens through its CRD. After pathogen capture, Langerin facilitates the delivery of antigens to Birbeck granules, where they are processed and presented to T cells. This process is vital for initiating an adaptive immune response.

Clinical Significance

Mutations or polymorphisms in the CD207 gene can affect the function of Langerhans cells, leading to various clinical conditions. For instance, a deficiency in CD207 can result in impaired antigen presentation, affecting the body's ability to mount an effective immune response.

Histological Techniques for Studying CD207

To study the expression and localization of CD207 in tissues, several histological techniques can be employed. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) is commonly used to detect CD207 protein in tissue sections, utilizing specific antibodies that bind to the protein. Additionally, electron microscopy can be used to visualize Birbeck granules, providing insights into the subcellular localization of CD207.

Research and Future Directions

Ongoing research is focused on understanding the broader implications of CD207 in immune regulation and its potential role in autoimmune diseases and cancer. By exploring the functions and pathways associated with CD207, scientists aim to develop new therapeutic strategies for enhancing immune responses or modulating immune activity in various diseases.

Relevant Publications

Pathologic characteristics of histiocytic and dendritic cell neoplasms.

Issue Release: 2024

Anandamide modulation of monocyte-derived Langerhans cells: implications for immune homeostasis and skin inflammation.

Issue Release: 2024

Integrated Analysis of CD1A Immune Infiltration and Competing Endogenous RNA Networks in COAD.

Issue Release: 2024

RNA-sequencing of paired tape-strips and skin biopsies in atopic dermatitis reveals key differences.

Issue Release: 2024

Case report: Targeting the PD-1 receptor and genetic mutations validated in primary histiocytic sarcoma with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.

Issue Release: 2023

Novel ANKRD26 and PDGFRB Gene Mutations in Pediatric Case of Non-Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis: Case Report and Literature Review.

Issue Release: 2023

Subepidermal Schwann cell counts correlate with skin innervation - an exploratory study.

Issue Release: 2022

Clinicogenomic associations in childhood Langerhans cell histiocytosis: an international cohort study.

Issue Release: 2022

Persistent post-COVID-19 smell loss is associated with immune cell infiltration and altered gene expression in olfactory epithelium.

Issue Release: 2022

Cancer immune profiling unveils biomarkers, immunological pathways, and cell type score associated with glioblastoma patients\' survival.

Issue Release: 2022

Expression of tolerogenic dendritic cells in the small intestinal tissue of patients with celiac disease.

Issue Release: 2022

An Atypical Myelomonocytic Cell Infiltrate: Use of Next-Generation Sequencing to Diagnose Indeterminate Cell Histiocytosis.

Issue Release: 2022

Analysis of immune response induction mechanisms implicating the dose-sparing effect of transcutaneous immunization using a self-dissolving microneedle patch.

Issue Release: 2022

Update on Pulmonary Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis.

Issue Release: 2021

Circulating CD1c+ myeloid dendritic cells are potential precursors to LCH lesion CD1a+CD207+ cells.

Issue Release: 2020

Immune Phenotypes of Nasopharyngeal Cancer.

Issue Release: 2020

Identification and expression analysis of Langerhans cells marker Langerin/CD207 in grasscarp, Ctenopharyngodon idella.

Issue Release: 2020

Langerin (CD207) represents a novel interferon-stimulated gene in Langerhans cells.

Issue Release: 2019

Suppression of lymphocyte apoptosis in spleen by CXCL13 after porcine circovirus type 2 infection and regulatory mechanism of CXCL13 expression in pigs.

Issue Release: 2019

Absence of a human ortholog of rodent Kupffer cell galactose-binding receptor encoded by the CLEC4f gene.

Issue Release: 2019

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