What is CD207?
CD207, also known as Langerin, is a protein encoded by the
CD207 gene. It is a C-type lectin with mannose-binding specificity and is primarily expressed in
Langerhans cells, a specialized type of dendritic cell found in the epidermis and other stratified squamous epithelia.
Where is CD207 Expressed?
CD207 is predominantly expressed in the
epidermis of the skin. Langerhans cells, which express CD207, are found in the suprabasal layers of the epidermis. These cells are also present in mucosal tissues such as the oral cavity, esophagus, and vagina.
What is the Function of CD207?
CD207 functions as an endocytic receptor that binds to mannose-containing glycoproteins. It plays a critical role in the capture and internalization of pathogens, leading to antigen processing and presentation. This process is vital for the activation of
adaptive immune responses, particularly in the context of initiating T-cell responses.
How is CD207 Involved in Immune Response?
Langerhans cells utilize CD207 to internalize pathogens through a process known as
endocytosis. Once internalized, these pathogens are processed into smaller peptides and presented on the cell surface via major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. This antigen presentation is crucial for the activation of
T-cells and the orchestration of an effective immune response.
What is the Clinical Significance of CD207?
CD207 is a valuable marker for identifying Langerhans cells in tissue samples. Aberrant expression of CD207 can be indicative of various
diseases and conditions. For instance, in
Langerhans cell histiocytosis, there is an abnormal proliferation of Langerhans cells, which can be detected by the presence of CD207. Additionally, CD207 expression is used in the diagnosis and study of certain skin disorders, infectious diseases, and cancers.
Are There Any Research Developments Involving CD207?
Recent research has focused on the role of CD207 in various immune-related conditions and its potential as a therapeutic target. Studies are exploring how modulating CD207 expression or function can influence immune responses in diseases such as
autoimmune disorders, infections, and cancers. Additionally, there is ongoing research into the development of CD207-based vaccines and immunotherapies.
