Several methods are employed in efficacy testing, including:
Histopathology: Examining tissue samples under a microscope to identify any structural changes. Immunohistochemistry (IHC): Using antibodies to detect specific proteins in tissues, allowing for the identification of cellular responses to treatments. In Situ Hybridization (ISH): Detecting specific nucleic acid sequences in tissues to assess gene expression changes. Electron Microscopy: Providing detailed images of cellular ultrastructure to identify subtle changes not visible with light microscopy.
