In histology, Smad proteins are significant because they influence tissue development and homeostasis. Their activity is fundamental in the formation and maintenance of various tissues. For instance, they are involved in the regulation of extracellular matrix components, which are critical for tissue structure and function. Smad signaling is also vital in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a process essential for normal development and wound healing, but also implicated in cancer metastasis.
