The vmPFC is characterized by its layered organization, typical of the cerebral cortex. It consists of six distinct layers, each with specific types of neurons and glial cells. These layers are:
1. Molecular Layer (Layer I): Contains few neurons and is primarily composed of dendrites and axons making synaptic connections. 2. External Granular Layer (Layer II): Composed of densely packed small pyramidal neurons and various interneurons. 3. External Pyramidal Layer (Layer III): Contains medium-sized pyramidal neurons that project to other cortical areas. 4. Internal Granular Layer (Layer IV): Densely packed with small stellate neurons and serves as a primary recipient of sensory inputs. 5. Internal Pyramidal Layer (Layer V): Features large pyramidal neurons that project to subcortical structures. 6. Multiform Layer (Layer VI): Contains a mix of neuron types and connects to the thalamus.
