Melanin is a complex polymer derived from the amino acid tyrosine. It serves several biological functions, including protection against UV radiation and oxidative stress. There are three main types of melanin: eumelanin, pheomelanin, and neuromelanin. Eumelanin is the most common and is responsible for black and brown pigmentation, while pheomelanin imparts a red or yellow color. Neuromelanin is found in specific areas of the brain.
