The cytoplasm consists of cytosol, a semi-fluid substance that contains water, salts, organic molecules, and enzymes. It houses organelles like mitochondria, which are involved in energy production; the endoplasmic reticulum, which synthesizes proteins and lipids; and the Golgi apparatus, which modifies and packages proteins. Ribosomes, either free or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum, are essential for protein synthesis, while lysosomes and peroxisomes contain enzymes for digestion and detoxification, respectively.
