Moisturizers typically contain several key components:
Humectants: These attract water from the dermis and the environment to the epidermis. Common humectants include glycerin, hyaluronic acid, and urea. Emollients: These smooth and soften the skin by filling in the gaps between skin cells. Examples include lanolin, mineral oil, and squalane. Occlusives: These form a protective layer on the skin's surface to prevent water loss. Common occlusives include petrolatum, beeswax, and dimethicone.
